There are two types of bar charts: geom_bar()
and geom_col()
.
geom_bar()
makes the height of the bar proportional to the number of
cases in each group (or if the weight
aesthetic is supplied, the sum
of the weights). If you want the heights of the bars to represent values
in the data, use geom_col()
instead. geom_bar()
uses stat_count()
by
default: it counts the number of cases at each x position. geom_col()
uses stat_identity()
: it leaves the data as is.
gf_bar(
object = NULL,
gformula = NULL,
data = NULL,
...,
alpha,
color,
fill,
group,
linetype,
linewidth,
width = NULL,
xlab,
ylab,
title,
subtitle,
caption,
geom = "bar",
stat = "count",
position = "stack",
show.legend = NA,
show.help = NULL,
inherit = TRUE,
environment = parent.frame()
)
gf_counts(
object = NULL,
gformula = NULL,
data = NULL,
...,
alpha,
color,
fill,
group,
linetype,
linewidth,
width = NULL,
xlab,
ylab,
title,
subtitle,
caption,
geom = "bar",
stat = "count",
position = "stack",
show.legend = NA,
show.help = NULL,
inherit = TRUE,
environment = parent.frame()
)
gf_props(
object = NULL,
gformula = NULL,
data = NULL,
...,
alpha,
color,
fill,
group,
linetype,
linewidth,
xlab,
ylab = "proportion",
title,
subtitle,
caption,
geom = "bar",
stat = "count",
position = "stack",
show.legend = NA,
show.help = NULL,
inherit = TRUE,
environment = parent.frame(),
denom = ~PANEL
)
gf_percents(
object = NULL,
gformula = NULL,
data = NULL,
...,
alpha,
color,
fill,
group,
linetype,
linewidth,
xlab,
ylab = "percent",
title,
subtitle,
caption,
geom = "bar",
stat = "count",
position = "stack",
show.legend = NA,
show.help = NULL,
inherit = TRUE,
environment = parent.frame(),
denom = ~PANEL
)
When chaining, this holds an object produced in the earlier portions of the chain. Most users can safely ignore this argument. See details and examples.
A formula, typically with shape ~ x
. (y ~ x
is also possible,
but typically using one of gf_col()
, gf_props()
, or gf_percents()
is preferable
to using this formula shape.)
Faceting can be achieved by including |
in the formula.
The data to be displayed in this layer. There are three options:
If NULL
, the default, the data is inherited from the plot
data as specified in the call to ggplot()
.
A data.frame
, or other object, will override the plot
data. All objects will be fortified to produce a data frame. See
fortify()
for which variables will be created.
A function
will be called with a single argument,
the plot data. The return value must be a data.frame
, and
will be used as the layer data. A function
can be created
from a formula
(e.g. ~ head(.x, 10)
).
Additional arguments. Typically these are
(a) ggplot2 aesthetics to be set with attribute = value
,
(b) ggplot2 aesthetics to be mapped with attribute = ~ expression
, or
(c) attributes of the layer as a whole, which are set with attribute = value
.
Opacity (0 = invisible, 1 = opaque).
A color or a formula used for mapping color.
A color for filling, or a formula used for mapping fill.
Used for grouping.
A linetype (numeric or "dashed", "dotted", etc.) or a formula used for mapping linetype.
A numerical line width or a formula used for mapping linewidth.
Width of the bars.
Label for x-axis. See also gf_labs()
.
Label for y-axis. See also gf_labs()
.
Title, sub-title, and caption for the plot.
See also gf_labs()
.
Override the default connection between geom_bar()
and
stat_count()
.
Position adjustment, either as a string naming the adjustment
(e.g. "jitter"
to use position_jitter
), or the result of a call to a
position adjustment function. Use the latter if you need to change the
settings of the adjustment.
logical. Should this layer be included in the legends?
NA
, the default, includes if any aesthetics are mapped.
FALSE
never includes, and TRUE
always includes.
It can also be a named logical vector to finely select the aesthetics to
display.
If TRUE
, display some minimal help.
A logical indicating whether default attributes are inherited.
An environment in which to look for variables not found in data
.
A formula, the right hand side of which describes the denominators used for computing proportions and percents. These are computed after the stat has been applied to the data and should refer to variables available at that point. See the examples.
a gg object
Positional attributes (a.k.a, aesthetics) are specified using the formula in gformula
.
Setting and mapping of additional attributes can be done through the
use of additional arguments.
Attributes can be set can be set using arguments of the form attribute = value
or
mapped using arguments of the form attribute = ~ expression
.
In formulas of the form A | B
, B
will be used to form facets using
facet_wrap()
or facet_grid()
.
This provides an alternative to
gf_facet_wrap()
and
gf_facet_grid()
that is terser and may feel more familiar to users
of lattice.
Evaluation of the ggplot2 code occurs in the environment of gformula
.
This will typically do the right thing when formulas are created on the fly, but might not
be the right thing if formulas created in one environment are used to create plots
in another.
gf_bar(~substance, data = mosaicData::HELPrct)
gf_bar(~substance, data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~sex)
gf_bar(~substance,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~sex,
position = position_dodge()
)
# gf_counts() is another name for gf_bar()
gf_counts(~substance,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~sex,
position = position_dodge()
)
# gf_props() and gf_percents() use proportions or percentages instead of counts
# use denom to control which denominators are used.
gf_props(~substance,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~sex,
position = position_dodge()
)
gf_props(substance ~ .,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~sex,
position = position_dodge(),
orientation = 'y'
)
gf_props(substance ~ .,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~sex,
position = "dodge"
)
gf_percents(~substance,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~sex,
position = position_dodge()
)
gf_percents(~substance,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~sex,
position = position_dodge(),
denom = ~x
)
gf_percents(~substance,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~sex,
position = position_dodge(),
denom = ~fill
)
gf_percents(~substance | sex,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~homeless,
position = position_dodge()
)
gf_percents(~substance | sex,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct,
fill = ~homeless,
denom = ~fill,
position = position_dodge()
)
gf_percents(~substance | sex,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct,
fill = ~homeless,
denom = ~interaction(fill, PANEL),
position = position_dodge()
)
if (require(scales)) {
gf_percents(~substance,
data = mosaicData::HELPrct, fill = ~sex,
position = position_dodge(),
denom = ~ x,
) |>
gf_refine(scale_y_continuous(labels = scales::percent))
}